Section 25.5

Fourier Cosine Series

If we even-extend a function, we use cosines. This fits Neumann conditions.

1

Introduction

This series includes a constant term (), representing the average value.

2

The Coefficients

Formula


3

Worked Examples

Example 1: f(x) = x

Expand as a cosine series on .

.

.

Non-zero only for odd n.

Example 2: Visualizing

Notice the "even extension" would look like |x| (a V-shape) on .

Example 3: Convergence Speed

Compare coefficients.

Sine series for had decay.

Cosine series for has decay.

Smoother periodic extension faster convergence.

4

Practice Quiz

Loading...