Integration by Parts
Substitution handles the Chain Rule. Integration by Parts handles the Product Rule. It lets us trade a difficult integral for an easier one.
The Formula
The Integration by Parts Formula
Pick to be something that gets simpler when differentiated.
The ILATE Rule: How to Choose u
Use ILATE to decide which part of your integrand should be . Priority is from top to bottom — choose the first type that appears.
| Letter | Type | Examples |
|---|---|---|
| I | Inverse Trigonometric | |
| L | Logarithmic | |
| A | Algebraic | |
| T | Trigonometric | |
| E | Exponential |
Note: Priority is from top to bottom. The first type in your integrand becomes .
Integration by Parts Visualized
Red (Want) = Total Rect (uv) - Blue (Know)
Worked Example: x sin(x)
Eliminating the x
Evaluate .
We have (Algebraic) and (Trigonometric).
ILATE says: A comes before T, so .
Let .
Level Up Examples
Example A: The Logarithm Trick
Evaluate .
We only have (Logarithmic).
ILATE says: L is high priority, so .
The only thing left is (the "invisible 1").
.
Example B: The Infinite Loop
Evaluate .
We have (Trig) and (Exponential).
ILATE says: T comes before E, so , .
.
.
.
Practice Quiz
Loading...