Lesson 4.14

Solving with Rational Exponents

Some equations use rational (fractional) exponents instead of radical notation. The solving strategy: raise both sides to the reciprocal power to cancel the exponent.

Introduction

An equation like is solved by raising both sides to the power (the reciprocal of ). This method is cleaner than converting to radical form and follows logically from exponent rules.

Past Knowledge

Rational exponents (Ch. 14), solving radical equations (4.13), exponent rules.

Today's Goal

Solve equations involving rational exponents using the reciprocal power method.

Future Success

4.15 covers extraneous solutions that can arise with even-denominator exponents.

Key Concepts

The Reciprocal Power Method

If , raise both sides to :

Even vs. Odd Denominator

Odd denominator

One solution:

Even denominator

Consider ± : (but check domain!)

Worked Examples

Example 1: Unit Fraction Exponent

Basic

Solve .

1

Raise both sides to the reciprocal power (3)

Check

Example 2: General Rational Exponent

Intermediate

Solve .

1

Raise to the power

!

But also consider the negative root

So

Example 3: Isolate First

Advanced

Solve .

1

Isolate the power expression

2

Raise to

3

Solve

Common Pitfalls

Forgetting the ± Case

When the numerator of the exponent is even, both positive and negative values can work. Always check both possibilities.

Wrong Reciprocal

The reciprocal of is , not . Flip the fraction.

Real-Life Applications

In physiology, the relationship between body mass and metabolic rate follows (Kleiber's Law). Solving for mass given a metabolic rate requires the reciprocal power method.

Practice Quiz

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