Lesson 11.6

Basic Trigonometric Equations

Solve for when the unknown is trapped inside a trig function. Multiple solutions are the norm, not the exception.

Introduction

When you solve , you might think . But wait—sine is also at ! And due to periodicity, there are infinitely many solutions.

1

Prerequisite Connection

You know the unit circle, reference angles, and how to evaluate trig functions.

2

Today's Increment

We're solving linear trig equations and finding all solutions in a given interval or the general solution.

3

Why This Matters

In Physics and Engineering, periodic phenomena (waves, oscillations) require solving trig equations to find critical points.

Solving Strategy

1

Isolate the Trig Function

Get the equation in the form or .

2

Find Reference Angle

Use inverse trig or unit circle knowledge to find the basic angle.

3

Identify All Quadrants

Determine which quadrants give the correct sign for the trig value.

4

Write General Solution (if needed)

Add (or ) where is any integer.

Worked Examples

Example 1: Basic Equation

Solve on .

1

Find Reference Angle

2

Identify Quadrants

Sine is positive in QI and QII.

3

Find All Solutions

QI:

QII:

Answer:

Example 2: General Solution

Find all solutions to .

1

Identify Where

This happens at on the unit circle.

2

Add Period

Cosine repeats every .

Answer: , where

Example 3: Factoring (Advanced)

Solve on .

1

Do NOT Divide by !

Move everything to one side:

2

Factor

3

Solve Each Factor

Answer:

Common Pitfalls

Dividing by a trig function

If you divide by , you lose solutions where . Always factor instead.

Missing a quadrant

Remember ASTC: All, Sine, Tangent, Cosine are positive in QI, QII, QIII, QIV respectively.

Real-World Application

Tide Predictions

Ocean tides follow sinusoidal patterns. Coastal engineers solve trig equations to predict when high and low tides will occur, which is critical for shipping schedules, coastal construction, and flood planning.

Practice Quiz

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