Section 6.3
The Poisson Probability Distribution
Model the number of independent events occurring in a fixed interval of time or space.
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The Poisson Process
A Poisson process counts the number of occurrences of an event over a period of time, area, distance, or any other interval.
Conditions for Poisson
- 1Independence: Occurrences in one interval do not affect other non-overlapping intervals.
- 2Constant Rate: The average rate of occurrence is constant for all intervals of the same size.
- 3Rare Events: Determining the probability of 2 or more occurrences in a very small interval is negligible.
Notation
Average rate (occurrences per unit) Interval length (time, space, etc.) Number of occurrences (0, 1, 2...)
Examples
- Number of emails arriving in 1 hour
- Number of typos per page in a book
- Cars passing a checkpoint in 5 mins
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Poisson Probability Formula
Probability Mass Function
LogicLens: Deconstructing the Formula
Part 1: The Weight ()
This term scales with the expected number of occurrences () raised to the power of the actual count ().
Part 2: The Decay ()
This exponential term rapidly decreases probabilities for high values of , ensuring the sum of all probabilities equals 1.
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Mean & Standard Deviation
Mean
Same as the expected count in the interval.
Standard Deviation
Square root of the mean (Unique property!)
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Interactive Poisson Calculator
Poisson Probability Calculator
Occurrences per interval unit
Number of units (e.g., hours, sq meters)
Mean ()
Std Dev ()
Exact
0.00000
Less Than
0.00000
At Most
0.00000
More Than
0.00000
At Least
0.00000
Based on formula
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